Strong Earthquake Hits Chile (Magnitude 7.4)

A powerful earthquake, registering a significant 7.4 on the Richter scale, jolted northern Chile on Thursday evening. The temblor struck at approximately 9:50 pm local time, according to data from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), with its epicenter located a mere 28 miles southeast of the scenic town of San Pedro de Atacama.

This information is preliminary, and seismologists are diligently analyzing all available data. As their review progresses, the reported magnitude of the earthquake could be adjusted to reflect a more precise measurement. Furthermore, the USGS may update their shake-severity map as they gather additional details about the earthquake’s impact on the surrounding region.

https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2024/07/18/world/americas/earthquake-tracker-chile.html

Aftershocks in the region

In the wake of the powerful earthquake, the region can expect aftershocks. These are smaller earthquakes that typically rumble along the same fault line as the main event. Often minor adjustments, they can occur for days, weeks, or even years after the initial quake.

While aftershocks are usually less intense, they pose a significant risk. They can reach magnitudes equal to or even greater than the original earthquake, further damaging already compromised structures. This underscores the importance of remaining vigilant and following safety precautions even after the initial tremors subside.

Fortunately, there’s no immediate threat of a tsunami according to AFP reports. This is a welcome relief considering the potential devastation these waves can cause.

This earthquake comes just six months after another tremor rattled northern Chile in January. That 5.3-magnitude event, thankfully, caused no reported damage.

Chile is no stranger to seismic activity. Its location on the fiery “Ring of Fire” makes it one of the most earthquake-prone countries globally. This horseshoe-shaped zone around the Pacific Ocean is a hotbed of geological volatility, responsible for a significant portion of the Earth’s earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

The country has endured some of the most powerful earthquakes ever recorded, including the monstrous 9.5-magnitude quake that struck Valdivia in 1960.

Striking a somber note, this isn’t the first time a powerful earthquake has struck Chile. In 2010, a devastating 8.8-magnitude quake triggered a destructive tsunami, tragically claiming the lives of over 500 people.

https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/chile-earthquake-magnitude-antofagasta-usgs-101721354761075.html

Below chart summarizing major earthquakes in Chilean history:

Year	Magnitude	Location	Deaths
1965	7.4	La Ligua	400
1971	7.5	Valparaiso region	90
1985	7.8	Offshore Valparaiso	177
1998	7.1	Near coast of northern Chile	None
2002	6.6	Chile-Argentina border region	None
2003	6.8	Near coast of central Chile	None
2004	6.6	Near Bio-Bio, central Chile	None
2005	7.8	Tarapaca, northern Chile	11
2007	7.7	Antofagasta, north Chile	2
2007	6.7	Antofagasta	None
2008	6.3	Tarapaca	None
2009	6.5	Offshore Tarapaca	None

What to do during an earthquake

Stay Calm and Collected:

• When the earth starts shaking, the most important thing is to stay calm. Panic can cloud your judgement and lead to risky decisions. Take a deep breath and focus on protecting yourself.
• Reassure those around you, particularly children or people who may be frightened easily.

Seek Shelter Based on Location:

• If you are indoors:
  • Drop, Cover, and Hold is the recommended strategy.
    • Drop to the ground on your hands and knees.
    • Cover your head and neck with your arms, ideally under a sturdy desk or table. If there’s no furniture nearby, crawl next to an interior wall away from windows, bookcases, or other falling hazards.
    • Hold on firmly until the shaking stops.
  • Avoid doorways, unless they are directly next to you and lead to a safe place. Doorways are not strong enough to provide protection from falling debris.
  • Stay away from windows, glass, mirrors, and hanging objects that could shatter and injure you.
• If you are outdoors:
  • Move away from buildings, power lines, trees, and anything else that could fall on you.
  • Take cover in a clear, open space and stay there until the shaking stops.
  • Avoid areas where there might be landslides or rockfalls, especially near cliffs or slopes.
• If you are in a moving vehicle:
  • Pull over to a safe location away from traffic lights, bridges, or overpasses.
  • Stop the car and set the parking brake.
  • Stay inside the vehicle and take cover by ducking under the dashboard or the center console.

Additional Safety Tips:

• Do not use elevators: Elevators can malfunction during earthquakes. Use the stairs if you need to evacuate.
• After the shaking stops:
  • Be aware of aftershocks, which are smaller earthquakes that can follow the main event.
  • Check for injuries on yourself and others and provide first aid if needed.
  • Be prepared to evacuate if the building is damaged or if authorities instruct you to do so.
• If you smell gas, turn it off at the main valve and evacuate the building.
• Do not use open flames or light sources until you are sure there are no gas leaks.
• Stay informed: Listen to the radio or local authorities for updates and instructions.

By following these steps and staying calm, you can significantly increase your chances of staying safe during an earthquake.

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